A pastor of Laodicea and friend of Athanasius. Approached the Christological debate from a psychological perspective. Postulated that Christ's humanity was found in his body and soul, but that his divine nature displaced man's animating and rational soul. The second General Council of A.D 381 in Constantinople silenced his teaching.

[tags]Apollinarius, Athanasius, BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, history, Constantinople[/tags]

The Patriarch of Constantinople who, in 1054, humiliated a papal party sent by Pope Leo IX to work out an agreement with the Emperor, and succeeded in provoking them into bringing a Bull of Excommunication to the Church of Holy Wisdom.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, history, Michael-Cerularius, Constantinople[/tags]

(451)

The fourth General Council. Involved in the early Christological debate over the nature of Christ's humanity and divinity. Called by the Emperor Marcian and held in Constantinople. Established that Christ is a unified person and that he is human and divine in one person.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Council-at-Chalcedon, history, Constantinople[/tags]

(381)

The Second General Council of the Church. Involved in the christological debate, silenced Apollinarius' teaching. Established that Christ is fully human.

[tags]Apollinarius, BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Council-at-Constantinople, history, Constantinople[/tags]

Driven by religious fervor, love of adventure and dreams of personal profit, crusaders from western Europe for 200 years attempted to expel the Muslims from the Holy Land. All the great and colorful figures of this era were caught up in the consuming cause, from Peter the Hermit, who inflamed the First Crusade, to the saintly Louis IX, King of France, who inspired the Sixth and Seventh.

For centuries peaceful pilgrims had been traveling from Europe to worship at the birthplace of Christ. The rise and spread of Islam in the Near East during the seventh century did not interrupt this traffic. By the tenth century bishops were organizing mass pilgrimages to the Holy Land. During the eleventh century, however, Christian pilgrims encountered persecution, and when the Seljuk Turks, new and fanatical converts to Islam, came sweeping and plundering into the Near East, the situation became especially tense. The

The spiritual leader of a monastery near Constantinople. He defended monophysitism.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Eutyches, history, Constantinople[/tags]

Emperor from 717-741. He launched an attach against the Eastern church's use of icons. It was only after successfully repulsing the Muslim armies in their second major attack on Constantinople (717-718) that Leo openly declared his opposition to icons for the first time. An angry mob murdered the official who was sent to replace the con of Christ with a cross over the Bronze Gate. Whole sections of the empire rebelled vigorously. Leo eventually secured the retirement of the Partiarch of Constantinople and the consecration of a new one who favored his own views.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Emperor-Leo-III, history, Constantinople[/tags]

A famous preacher at Antioch whom the Emperor made bishop of Constantinople in 428. This imperial capital gave Nestorius a platform. From it he tried to defend the position of his teacher in the faith, Theodore, bishop of Mopsuestia, near Antioch. Nestorius rejected a popular designation of Mary as the "God-bearer, Mother of God". He held that Christ joined two persons. He did not deny the deity of Christ; but in emphasizing the reality and integrity of the savior's humanity, Nestorius pictured the relation between the two natures in terms of a moral "conjunction" or a merging of wills rather than that of an essential "union". He refused to attribute to the divine nature the human acts and sufferings of the man Jesus. In his autobiography Nestorius insisted that he did not oppose the use of "God-bearer" because he denied the Godhead of Christ, but to emphasize that Jesus was

Of the three major branches in Christianity, Western Christianity is a term which embraces both Roman Catholicism, and the later Anglican and Protestant movements. It is merely a matter of geography that the Orthodoxy movement finds its roots in Constantinople, which is East of Rome, although many of its adherents live in the Western hemisphere, as many Western Christians live in the East.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, history, Western-Christianity, Constantinople[/tags]