BlogRodent: Pentecostal Rumination & Review

A well known Gnostic. He was seen by John the Disciple at Ephesus in a bath, causing John to run out screaming.

[tags]BlogRodent, Cerinthus, church-history, ChurchRodent, history[/tags]

The Patriarch of Constantinople who, in 1054, humiliated a papal party sent by Pope Leo IX to work out an agreement with the Emperor, and succeeded in provoking them into bringing a Bull of Excommunication to the Church of Holy Wisdom.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, history, Michael-Cerularius, Constantinople[/tags]

While the application of this term may actually be more broad than indicated here, our text uses it to refer to the Catholic Charismatic Renewal, or the Catholic Pentecostalism. Leaders traced its beginnings to the spring of 1966 when two laymen on the faculty of Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, realized they lacked the power of the early Christians to proclaim the gospel. They gave themselves to prayer. They shared their concern with others on the faculty. Then, in August, 1966, two young men in attendance at the National Cursillo Convention introduced into this circle a book which had intrigued them: Protestant David Wilkerson's The Cross and the Switchblade. After personal contacts with Protestant charismatics in the Pittsburgh area, several Duquesne faculty members received the Pentecostal baptism, marked by speaking in tongue. By the middle of February, 1967, at what historians of the movement call "the Duquesne weekend," the experience had

Charles the Great. He was preeminently a successful warrior-king, leading his armies on yearly campaign. Charlemagne also sought to provide an effective administration for his realm. Expansionist ambition drove him to intervene in Italian politics and invade the papal territories. Eventually he was coronated as Emperor, the pope needed protection.

[tags]BlogRodent, Charlemagne, church-history, ChurchRodent, history[/tags]

(1603-1642)

King of England. Charles was determined to put into practice his father James' theories about divine rights of kings. No law and no parliament would restrain him and to make matters worse in the eyes of the Puritans, his wife, Henrietta Maria, was a French Roman Catholic princess. Charles reintroduced stained glass windows, crosses, even crucifixes. They elevated the Communion table and called it an altar and they insisted that worship be conducted according tho the Prayer Book and no other. He eventually tried to force his high church brand of Anglican religion upon the Presbyterian Scots. When the Parliamentarians beheaded his Archbishop Laud, Charles tried to punish the leaders of this opposition and civil war erupted. By 1646 Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentary army forced Charles to surrender. Eventually resentment against Charles broke out anew and in 1648 another war erupted. Finally in January of 1649 the king was tried and

The young Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain, successor to Ferdinand and Isabella. Heir to the wealth of the New World. The nephew of Catherine of Aragon. In 1521 summoned Luther to the Diet of Worms to give an account of his writings, and declared Luther an outlaw. Condemned Luther to death. After 1530 he tried to quench the growing heresy, but the Lutheran princes banded together against him and out of this conflict grew the Peace of Augsburg.

[tags]BlogRodent, Catherine-of-Aragon, Charles-V, church-history, ChurchRodent, Diet-of-Worms, history, Peace-of-Augsburg[/tags]

During the Thirty Years' war, when the Catholic Imperial forces crushed the Bohemians and gave control of the University of Prague over to the Jesuits, King Christian IV of Denmark was appalled by this Catholic victory. Also being eager to annex German territory, he entered the war against Ferdinand and the Catholic forces. Without adequate support, however, his venture was doomed from the start. In 1626 the Danes were completely routed in the Harz Mountains and forced to withdraw to Denmark like a pack of whipped pups.

[tags]BlogRodent, Christian-IV, church-history, ChurchRodent, history, Jesuits, thirty-years-war, Bohemians, University-of-Prague, Denmark[/tags]

A movement in the Anglican Church, consisting of F.D. Maurice (1805-1872), a theologian; Charles Kingsley (1819-1875), a novelist; and John Malcolm Ludlow (1821-1911), a lawyer, were churchmen who felt that the gospel had something to say to the working people of England. The leaders of Christian Socialism considered their movement to be a development of Christianity and believed that the Christian faith stood for a society that would enable men to work with one another, instead of against one another. Their practical results were limited. Their cooperative workshops were poorly organized an unduly optimistic about the role of laborers. Their greatest contribution was probably in the ideas that carried across the Atlantic to the United States.

[tags]BlogRodent, Christian-Socialists, church-history, ChurchRodent, history, socialism[/tags]

An early apologist and great Christian leader who followed after Clement and Origen.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, history, John-Chrysostom, Origen[/tags]

Church organization developed in two important ways: the authority of church councils and the authority of certain bishops over other bishops. Councils arose when churches in various areas began sending their pastors (or bishops) to meetings to discuss common problems. As the fourth century began, the catholic churches were establishing general policies by regular regional councils.

[tags]BlogRodent, Church-Councils, church-history, ChurchRodent, history[/tags]

While other influences contributed to the break with Rome, succession to the throne was the primary constitutional factor in the transformation of the Church in England into the church of England.

For centuries the Church in England had been moving toward independence from Rome. by Luther's time, most patriotic Englishmen had a sense of the distinctive character of the faith in their fatherland.

The schism in the church came over a royal problem — not over theological conflicts. Henry VIII, King of England, revolted against the pope because he passionately desired Anne Boleyn, a lady-in-waiting of the court. Henry and Catherine of Aragon had borne no male children and Pope Clement VII would not issue them an annulment for fear of offending Catherine's nephew, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain Charles V. When Henry secretly married Anne, he had an English church court declare his marriage to Catherine

With the rising authority of the bishops, especially Leo, who provided the biblical and theological basis for the papal claims, and their growing links of power with the Roman Emperors, the Church in Rome gradually became the Church of Rome. Up until the time of Constantine, history provides no real precedents for the Roman bishops exercising authority outside the boundaries of Rome. But with the conversion of Constantine, and subsequent convening of church councils to dispute heresy, bishops and the Church of Rome steadily grew in power and influence. A major threshold of papal power came with the threat and fear of excommunication.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, Church-of-Rome, ChurchRodent, Constantine, history, Rome, heresy, Pope[/tags]

A classical author and Roman statesman. He was quoted saying "Let the very name of the cross be far, not only from the body of a Roman citizen, but even from his thoughts, his eyes, his ears."

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Cicero, history, Rome, Roman[/tags]

Not really a sect, but a close knit family. It was started in a town near London called Clapham and consisted of a number of wealthy and ardent Evangelicals who knew what it was to practice "saintliness in daily life" and to live with eternity in view. John Venn became their spiritual guide and found leadership in William Wilberforce, the parliamentary statesman. Under Wilberforce's leadership the Clapham friends were knit together in solidarity. At the Clapham mansions they held what they chose to call their "Cabinet Councils". They discussed the wrongs and injustices of their country, and the battles they would need to fight to establish righteousness. They moved as one body, delegating to each man the work he could do best to accomplish their common purposes. As a result a host of evangelical causes sallied forth from quiet little Clapham: The Church Missionary Society (1799), the British and Foreign

Roman emperor A.D. 41-59. Refused to have temples erected to him because he did not wish to be offensive to his fellow man.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Claudius, history[/tags]

Pupil of the stoic philosopher Pantanaeus. Eventually surpassed his teacher as leader of the so called "catechetical school" at Alexandria with Origen. Among the first of a succession of Christian scholars thoroughly familiar with the wisdom of Greece and enthusiastic for its philosophy, yet loyal to the teaching of Christ. Considered the "first Christian scholar." He aimed to be an apostle to the intellectual Hellenistic world. After Clement, Greek thinking united with Christian thought.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Clement-of-Alexandria, history, Origen, Pantanaeus[/tags]

Bishop of Rome, about A.D. 96, he wrote a letter to the church at Corinth, and eighty years later it was still their custom to read Clement's letter at public worship.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Clement-of-Rome, history[/tags]

In 1305 the College of Cardinals elected a Frenchman, the Archbishop of Bordeaux, as Pope Clement V. This was during King Philip's reign in France, and Clement never set foot in Rome, preferring to stay closer to home, where he was always accessible to royal bidding.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Clement-V, history, Philip[/tags]

After his election to the papacy (1523-34), Clement moved the Papacy to Rome to begin the 72 year Babylonian Captivity of the papacy, it was moved to Avignon, France. When Clement VII was selected, he ruled from Avignon while Pope Urban VI ruled from Rome. This began the Great Schism of the Papacy. Clement refused to annul King Henry's marriage to Catherine because she was the Aunt of Charles V, Roman Emperor and King of Spain. Clement eventually excommunicated Henry. His alliance with Francis I, King of France, spurred the Ire of King Charles V, who marched against Rome and sacked it. Clement barely escaped with his life.

[tags]BlogRodent, Charles-V, church-history, ChurchRodent, Francis-I, Great-Schism, history, Pope-Clement-VII, Pope-Urban-VI[/tags]

(481-587)

Among the Franks, the founder of the nation. Married a Burgundian princess who was a Christian, Clothilda. Was converted to Christianity in much the same manner as Constantine, in battle. With one accord, his people even renounced their German gods. Three thousand of his army followed him in baptism.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Clothilda, Clovis, Constantine, history[/tags]

After the atomic bomb drove Japan to the peace table and communist and allied forces toppled the Third Reich, the victors entered the "Cold War." As leader of the Western democracies, the United States took the initiative through the "containment" policy to counter "Soviet expansionist tendencies." (i.e. "Communist expansionist tendencies.") America was prepared to resist communism almost everywhere, even if this meant military intervention, but eventually the development of the H-bomb and long-range ballistic missiles made armed conflict between the superpowers unthinkable.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Cold-War, history[/tags]

On Thursday, October 11, 1492, Christopher Columbus, "Admiral of the Ocean Sea, Viceroy and Governor of whatever territory he might discover," sighted the West Indies. In a vain attempt to find an opening to the Asian mainland, Columbus made three more trips to the New World. On his second trip, he sailed with seventeen ships bearing 1500 men. And on Haiti, he found gold. After tracing the coast of Cuba, which he thought was southern China, Columbus set sail for Spain. Word of gold leaked out and the most violent gold rush in history was underway.

[tags]BlogRodent, Christopher-Columbus, church-history, ChurchRodent, history, New-World, Hait, West-Indies, gold-rush[/tags]

An ideology extremely difficult to define. Democratic ideological perspectives tend to clump anything that identifies itself at "communism" together in the same heap. But two camps of communism may be entirely inimical to each other, and have separate means and ends.

Usually, one points to The Communist Manifesto, or Das Kapital, by Karl Marx, as the guideposts into communism, but basically the communist system has many of the same traits of Hitler's Germany: dictatorial leadership, a single centralized party, ruthless terror, propaganda, censorship, a controlled economy and hostility to all organized religion. Communist ideology emphasized the working class, revolution as a means of social change, and the utopian ideal for a classless society.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Communism, history, Karl-Marx, Socialism[/tags]

(1801)

An agreement Napoleon forged with Pope Pius VII which restored the Church of Rome to a special place in France.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, Church-of-Rome, ChurchRodent, Concordat, history, Napoleon, Pope-Pius-VII, Pope[/tags]

To counter the "German Christian" group, a group of ministers led by Martin Niemuller formed the Pastor's Emergency League and set up an alternative church government known as the Confessing Church. In May 1934, the Confessing Church spelled out its theological convictions in the Barmen Declaration. It called the German churches back to the central truths of Christianity and rejected the totalitarian demands of Hitler's state.

[tags]BlogRodent, church-history, ChurchRodent, Confessing-Church, history, martin-niemuller, pastor's-emergency-league, confessing-movement, hitler, barmen-declaration, germany[/tags]